LED, inozivikanwawo seyechina chizvarwa chekuvhenekera sosi kana girinhi mwenje sosi, ine hunhu hwekuchengetedza simba, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, hupenyu hurefu, uye diki saizi. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana senge chiratidzo, kuratidza, kushongedzwa, backlight, general lighting, uye madhorobha husiku zviono. Zvinoenderana neakasiyana mashandisirwo emabasa, inogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvishanu: kuratidza ruzivo, mwenje mwenje, mota mwenje zvigadziriso, LCD screen backlight, uye general lighting.
Magetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi ane zvikanganiso zvakadai sekupenya kusina kukwana, izvo zvinotungamirira pakuzivikanwa kusina kukwana. Simba remhando yemwenje ye LED ine zvakanakira senge kupenya kwakanyanya uye hupenyu hurefu hwesevhisi, asi vane matambudziko ehunyanzvi akadai sekurongedza. Pazasi pane pfupiso ongororo yezvinhu zvinokanganisa mwenje kukohwa kugona kwesimba remhando ye LED packaging.

1. Tekinoroji yekupisa kupisa
Kune chiedza-emitting diodes inoumbwa nePN junctions, kana ikozvino mberi ichiyerera kuburikidza nePN junction, PN junction inosangana nekupisa kwekupisa. Kupisa uku kunoratidzwa mumhepo kuburikidza neadhesive, encapsulation materials, heat sinks, etc. Munguva iyi, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chezvinyorwa chine impedance inopisa inodzivirira kupisa kuyerera, kunozivikanwa sekudzivirira kupisa. Thermal resistance inguva yakatarwa inotarwa nehukuru, chimiro, uye zvinhu zvemudziyo.
Tichifunga kuti kupisa kwemoto kweiyo light-emitting diode iRth (℃/W) uye simba rekubvisa kupisa iPD (W), kukwira kwekushisa kwePN junction kunokonzerwa nekurasikirwa kwekupisa kwezvino ndiko:
T (℃)=Rth&TIMEs; PD
Iyo PN junction tembiricha ndeiyi:
TJ=TA+Rth&TIMEs; PD
Pakati pavo, TA ndiyo ambient tembiricha. Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekushisa kwejunction, mukana wePN junction luminescence recombination inoderera, zvichikonzera kuderera kwekupenya kwechiedza-emitting diode. Zvichakadaro, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekushisa kunokonzerwa nekupisa kwekupisa, kupenya kwechiedza-emitting diode hakuchapfuuriri kuwedzera zvakaenzana nezvino, zvichiratidza chiitiko chekupisa kwekushisa. Pamusoro pezvo, sezvo tembiricha yejunction ichiwedzera, iyo peak wavelength yechiedza chakaburitswa inozochinjika yakananga kureba wavelengths, ingangoita 0.2-0.3 nm/℃. Kune machena ma LED anowanikwa nekusanganisa YAG fluorescent poda yakavharwa neblue mwenje machipisi, kudhonzwa kwebhuruu mwenje wavelength kunokonzeresa kusapindirana neiyo excitation yavelength yehupfu hwefluorescent, nekudaro ichidzikisa kupenya kwese kwe LED machena uye kukonzera shanduko muchena mwenje ruvara. tembiricha.
Kune magetsi emwenje-emitting diode, kutyaira ikozvino kunowanzo kuita mazana emamirimita kana kupfuura, uye density iripo yePN junction yakakwira zvakanyanya, saka kukwira kwekushisa kwePN junction kwakakosha. Pakurongedza uye maapplication, maitiro ekudzikisa kupisa kwechigadzirwa kuitira kuti kupisa kunogadzirwa nePN junction kubviswe nekukurumidza sezvinobvira hakungogone kuvandudza ikozvino uye kupenya kwechigadzirwa, asi zvakare kuwedzera kuvimbika uye hupenyu hwechigadzirwa. Kuti uderedze kupisa kwechigadzirwa chechigadzirwa, kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvekuputira kunonyanya kukosha, kusanganisira kupisa kunopisa, kunamatira, nezvimwewo. Chechipiri, dhizaini yezvimiro inofanirwa kuve inonzwisisika, nekuenderera kunoenderana kwekupisa kwemafuta pakati pemidziyo uye yakanaka yekubatana kwemafuta pakati pezvinhu kudzivirira kupisa kumisa mabhodhoro mumatanho ekupisa uye kuve nechokwadi chekupisa kubva mukati kusvika kune ekunze. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinodikanwa kuve nechokwadi kubva mukuita kuti kupisa kunobviswa panguva yakakodzera maererano neyakagadzirirwa kare yakagadziriswa nzira dzekupisa kupisa.

2. Kusarudzwa kwekuzadza adhesive
Zvinoenderana nemutemo werefraction, kana chiedza chiri chiitiko kubva kune dense medium kuenda kune sparse medium, kuburitsa kwakazara kunoitika kana kona yechiitiko inosvika pane imwe kukosha, kureva, yakakura kupfuura kana kuenzana nekona yakakosha. YeGaN bhuruu machipisi, iyo refractive index yeGaN zvinhu ndeye 2.3. Kana chiedza chichibudiswa kubva mukati mekristaro chakananga kumhepo, maererano nemutemo wekupikisa, kona yakakosha θ 0 = sin-1 (n2 / n1).
Pakati pavo, n2 yakaenzana ne1, iyo inonzi refractive index of air, uye n1 ndiyo refractive index yeGaN. Naizvozvo, kona yakakosha θ 0 inoverengerwa kuita 25.8 madhigirii. Muchiitiko ichi, chiedza chete chinogona kubudiswa chiedza mukati memhepo yakasimba yekona ye ≤ 25.8 degrees. Sekureva kwemishumo, iyo yekunze quantum kunyatsoshanda kweGaN machipi parizvino yakatenderedza 30% -40%. Nokudaro, nekuda kwekubatwa kwemukati kwekrisiti yekrisiti, chikamu chechiedza chinogona kubudiswa kunze kwekrisiti iduku zvikuru. Sekureva kwemishumo, iyo yekunze quantum kunyatsoshanda kweGaN machipi parizvino yakatenderedza 30% -40%. Saizvozvo, mwenje unoburitswa ne chip unofanirwa kupfuura nepakati pekurongedza uye kuendeswa kunzvimbo, uye mabatiro echinhu pakukohwa kwechiedza kunodawo kutariswa.
Nokudaro, kuitira kuti uvandudze chiedza chekukohwa kwechiedza che LED chigadzirwa packaging, zvakakosha kuwedzera kukosha kweN2, kureva, kuwedzera refractive index yezvinyorwa zvekuputira, kuitira kuti uwedzere kona yakakosha yechigadzirwa uye nokudaro. kunatsiridza kurongedza kupenya kwechigadzirwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo encapsulation zvinhu inofanira kunge iine kushoma kunyura kwechiedza. Kuti uwedzere chikamu chechiedza chakabudiswa, zvakanakisisa kuva ne arched kana hemispherical shape yekuputira. Nenzira iyi, kana mwenje uchiburitswa kubva mukutakura zvinhu kuenda mumhepo, inenge yakatarisana neiyo interface uye haichaonekwe zvachose.

3. Reflection processing
Pane zvinhu zviviri zvakakosha zvekuratidzira kurapwa: imwe ndiyo yekuratidzira kurapwa mukati meiyo chip, uye imwe yacho kuratidzwa kwechiedza neyakarongedza zvinhu. Kuburikidza nekurapa kwemukati nekunze kwekuratidzira, chikamu chechiedza chinoburitswa kubva mukati mechip chinowedzera, kunyura mukati meiyo chip kunoderedzwa, uye kupenya kwemagetsi emagetsi zvigadzirwa zve LED kunovandudzwa. Panyaya yekurongedza, ma LED emhando yemagetsi anowanzo kuunganidza machipisi emhando yemagetsi pamabhuraketi esimbi kana ma substrates ane anovheneka cavities. Iyo bracket type reflective cavity inowanzoputirwa kuti ivandudze ratidziro, ukuwo substrate type reflective cavity inowanzokwenenzverwa uye inogona kurapwa electroplating kana mamiriro achibvumidza. Nekudaro, nzira mbiri dzekurapa dziri pamusoro dzinokanganiswa nekurongeka kwe mold uye maitiro, uye iyo yakagadziridzwa inoratidzira mhango ine imwe ratidziro maitiro, asi haina kunaka. Parizvino, mukugadzirwa kweiyo substrate mhando inoratidzira mhango muChina, nekuda kwekusakwana kwekukwenenzverwa kwekukwenenzverwa kana oxidation yesimbi coatings, ratidziro mhedzisiro haina kunaka. Izvi zvinoita kuti chiedza chakawanda chibatwe mushure mekusvika panzvimbo yekuratidzira, iyo isingagoni kuratidzwa kune chiedza chinobudisa chiedza sezvinotarisirwa, zvichiita kuti pave nechiedza chakaderera kukohwa kushanda mushure mekugadzirisa kwekupedzisira.

4. Kusarudzwa uye Kupfekedzwa kweFluorescent Powder
Kune chena simba re LED, kuvandudzwa kwechiedza chinopenya kunoenderana nekusarudzwa kwefluorescent poda uye maitiro ekurapa. Kuti uvandudze kushanda kwefluorescent powder excitation yeblue chips, kusarudzwa kwefluorescent powder kunofanira kunge kwakakodzera, kusanganisira excitation wavelength, particle size, excitation performance, etc., uye kuongororwa kwakazara kunofanira kuitwa kutarisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushanda. Chechipiri, kupfekedzwa kwehupfu hwefluorescent kunofanirwa kuve kwakafanana, pamwe nehupamhi hweyunifomu yeadhesive layer pane yega-yega-emitting nzvimbo yechip, kudzivirira hukobvu husina kuenzana hunogona kukonzera mwenje wenzvimbo kusakwanisa kuburitswa, uye zvakare kugadzirisa kunaka kwenzvimbo yechiedza.

Muchidimbu
Yakanaka kupisa disipation dhizaini inoita basa rakakura mukuvandudza kupenya kwemagetsi emagetsi zvigadzirwa zve LED, uye zvakare chinhu chinodiwa kuti uve nechokwadi chehupenyu hwechigadzirwa uye kuvimbika. Iyo yakanyatso gadzirwa mwenje yekubuda chiteshi, inotarisa pane dhizaini, kusarudzwa kwezvinhu, uye maitiro ekurapa kweanovheneka cavities, kuzadza anonamira, nezvimwewo, inogona kunyatso kuvandudza mwenje kukohwa kugona kwemagetsi emhando ye LEDs. Kune simba remhando chena LED, kusarudzwa kwefluorescent poda uye dhizaini dhizaini yakakoshawo pakuvandudza saizi yenzvimbo uye nekupenya kwakanaka.